The objects of precision parts processing are roughly divided into two types: one is the machining of standard parts, and the other is the machining of non-standard parts. Relatively speaking, the machining of non-standard parts is more difficult than standard parts. Many newcomers who have just entered the industry can’t distinguish between standard parts and non-standard parts. Next, we will explain the difference between non-standard parts and standard parts. What to pay special attention to during the processing of non-standard precision parts and the skills to improve the non-standard automatic parts machining efficiency.
Standard Parts VS Non-standard Parts
Standard Parts
Standard parts refer to the commonly used parts, such as threaded parts, rolling bearings, etc., that have been fully standardized in structure, size, drawing, marking and other aspects and produced by professional factories. Standard parts are divided into generalized standard parts and narrowly defined standard parts. Generalized standard parts are mechanical parts (parts) and components with clear standards. (The standards used mainly include Chinese National Standards (GB) and American Society of Mechanical Engineers standards (ANSI /ASME). ) Etc., other Japanese (JIS), German (DIN) and other standards are also widely used in the world. The mechanical parts and components with a high degree of standardization and strong industry versatility are also called general-purpose parts. Broad standard parts include tight Firmware, connectors, transmission parts, seals, hydraulic components, pneumatic components, bearings, springs, etc., all have corresponding national standards, which have strong cross-industry versatility. For example, transmission parts, seals, hydraulic components, pneumatic components, bearings , Springs and other mechanical parts.
Narrowly defined standard parts are standardized fasteners, which are actually a kind of connecting parts (connecting parts), but because of the wide variety and wide application, they are counted as a single type in actual use, or even referred to as standard parts for short. For example: Screws, washers, rivets, welding nails and other parts.
Non-standard Precision Parts
The processing of non-standard precision parts is because the country has not set relevant standard specifications, and there are no relevant parameter regulations, other parts that are freely controlled and processed by the enterprise. There are many varieties of non-standard parts, and there is currently no standard classification. The general classification is as follows:
Metal non-standard parts:
Customers provide drawings, and manufacturers use equipment to produce corresponding products based on drawings. Usually molds are mostly used, tolerance requirements, and finish are all specified by customers, and there is no certain paradigm. Products from casting to finishing require corresponding quality control. The process is complicated and variable, and the cost is generally higher than that of standard parts.
Non-metallic non-standard parts:
It is the processing of some non-metallic materials. Such as plastic, wood, stone, etc. In recent years, the injection molding industry and the development of plastic molds have become more sophisticated. The use of curved surface design and programming and numerical control has greatly improved the cost and tolerance level of non-standard precision parts machining.
What Needs Special Attention In the Machining Of Non-standard Precision Parts
Some parts of some mechanical equipment are not available on the market. Sometimes they are produced by engineers who draw drawings based on actual needs and then find manufacturers that process precision mechanical parts. We call this kind of parts non-standard. The core components of many electronic products are non-standard parts. They are different from standard products. They all have a fixed process flow. Therefore, the process must be redesigned every time. Then, what are the non-standard precision parts in the machining process? What needs special attention?
The first is to check whether the material specifications meet the requirements of the drawings. Some process feet that need grinder processing should be left out, such as tapping, quenching, grinder, wire cutting, electric spark, internal and external circular grinding, slow wire walking, surface treatment, etc. . Each step in the processing must meet the requirements of the process. After the QA inspection is confirmed, the next step of the process is entered. If the inspection is unqualified, it should be returned for modification in time to ensure efficiency while processing to ensure quality.
In the processing of non-standard precision parts, a part is usually composed of multiple surfaces, and the machining of each surface generally needs to be carried out in stages. When arranging the processing sequence of precision mechanical parts, the rough machining of each surface should be arranged first, and semi-finishing processing should be arranged in sequence according to the needs, and then finishing and finishing processing should be arranged. For workpieces with high precision requirements, in order to reduce the influence of deformation caused by rough machining on finishing, roughing and finishing should not be carried out continuously, but should be carried out in stages and at appropriate intervals.
The main surfaces of parts are generally surfaces with high machining accuracy or surface quality requirements. Their machining quality has a great influence on the quality of the entire part, and there are often more machining procedures. Therefore, the main surface machining should be arranged first. Then arrange other surface machining appropriately to intersperse among them. Generally, the assembly base surface, working surface, etc. are regarded as the main surface, and the keyway, the smooth hole and screw hole for fastening, etc. are regarded as the secondary surface.
Techniques To Improve The Machining Efficiency Of Non-standard Parts
For the production process of non-standard automated parts machining, there are many small skills, which may be a little inconspicuous, but when you really master these skills, work efficiency will be doubled with half the effort. Let’s introduce some common skills in the machining of non-standard automated parts:
- In the machiningof non-standard automation parts, remove the auxiliary jaws to process two M4 threaded holes, align two 1.5mm thick steel plates with the jaws, riveting 0.8mm thick hard brass plates with aluminum rivets, and use M4 countersunk heads Screws fix it on the jaws with durable soft jaws. This can protect precision mechanical parts from being damaged by extrusion.
- If it is not convenient to use a magnet to absorb small precision mechanical parts, you can suck an iron plate under the magnet. It can not only absorb many small precision mechanical parts, but also pull the iron plate apart. Small precision mechanical parts will automatically fall into the collection box.
- In the horizontal CNC machining of the pulley, if there is a slip between the pulley and the axle, a series of pits can be drawn on the axle to form adsorption force and prevent slippage.
- The workpiece is usually positioned first and then clamped, but clamping of some workpieces will cause the workpiece to deform. Therefore, it is necessary to first clamp and then locate, find six positioning points, and find out the degree of freedom that restricts it.
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